In 649 cases of lung cancer, two were non-smokers. The patients were asked about family history, diet, and previous diseases. For instance, in Britain in 1949, Richard Doll, a researcher working for the Medical Research Council, and Bradford Hill, an epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene, began looking at lung cancer patients in London hospitals. It wasn’t until the late 1940s and 50s that studies began to take place linking smoking to lung cancer. His hand-rolled cigarettes were sold to soldiers at the end of the Civil War. The first commercially available cigarette was launched in 1865 by Washington Duke made on his 300-acre farm in Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. It seems obvious now that smoking is bad for you, yet for a while smoking was seen as a harmless habit, heavily marketed to millions of people. Who knows what other modern creations will have a darker side to them in decades to come? But of course, it’s only possible to call out these inventions through the magic of hindsight. In fact the damage has been catastrophic in some cases. However, as you’ll see in the list of inventions below, the reality can be very different and not everything in this man-made world has had a positive impact on the world. Inventions help people, better society, and advance technology, right? Many inventions do probably start out with good intentions, even if it’s in the vein of just seeing what happens. It’s not illogical to think that every invention is made for the good of the world.
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